Abstract The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effect of different forms of periodontal diseases on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Fifty-two patients with Aggressive Periodontitis (AP) or Chronic Periodontitis (CP) were included: nine patients with Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP), thirty-three patients with Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis (GAP) and ten patients with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis (GCP). Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaires (OHIP-14) were distributed after a clinical examination that measured the following periodontal parameters: tooth loss, bleeding on probing (BoP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (REC) and clinical attachment level (CAL). The global OHIP-14 score means were 10.6 for LAP, 16.5 for GAP, and 17.5 for GCP. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) was observed between the LAP group and the other two groups. There was significantly less bleeding and recession in the LAP group than in the patients with the generalized forms of periodontitis. LAP, GAP and GCP have an impact on patient quality of life when measured using the OHIP-14. Patients with GAP and GCP had poorer OHRQoL than LAP patients.

Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical outcomes of dental implants placed in previously early and late implant failed sites. An electronic literature search was conducted in several databases for articles published up to February 2018. Human clinical trials that received at least one implant in a previously failed site were included. Hence, the PICO question that was aimed to be addressed was: Do patients undergoing implant replacement (second and third attempts) in previous failed sites have survival rates similar to implants placed at first attempts? A random effects model was used to calculate survival weighted means and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among studies. Eleven studies of low to moderate methodological quality were included in this review. Implants placed in sites with history of one and two implant failures had a weighted survival rate (SR) of 88.7% (95%CI 81.7-93.3) and 67.1% (95%CI 51.1-79.9), respectively. Implants placed in sites with a previous early failure revealed a weighted SR of 91.8% (95%CI 85.1-95.6). First implants presented higher SR than implants placed in sites with one or two previous implant failures. In contrast, implants placed in sites with one and two implant failures had similar SR. Within its limitations, this review suggests that replacement implants have moderate SR. Larger prospective studies with well-defined criteria for early and late implant failure are necessary to confirm and expand on these results.

Abstract The aim of this longitudinal prospective study was to evaluate the effects of periodontal treatment on the clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal parameters, and on the systemic activity (ESSDAI) and subjective (ESSPRI) indexes in patients with primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS). Twenty-eight female patients were divided into four groups: pSS patients with or without chronic periodontitis (SCP, SC, respectively), and systemically healthy patients with or without chronic periodontitis (CP, C, respectively). Periodontal clinical examination and immunological and microbiological sample collection were performed at baseline, 30 and 90 days after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). Levels of interleukin IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were evaluated by ELISA, as well as the expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, (Aa) Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and Treponema denticola (Td), by qPCR. Systemic activity and pSS symptoms were evaluated by ESSDAI and ESSPRI. NSPT resulted in improved periodontal clinical parameters in both SCP and CP groups (p>0.05). Pg, Aa, and Tf levels decreased after NSPT only in CP patients (p<0.05). Significantly greater levels of IL-10 in GCF were verified in both SCP and CP groups (p<0.05). SCP patients showed increased salivary flow rates and decreased ESSPRI scores after NSPT. In conclusion, NSPT in pSS patients resulted in improved clinical and immunological parameters, with no significant effects on microbiological status. pSS patients also showed increased salivary flow and lower ESSPRI scores after therapy. Therefore, it can be suggested that NSPT may improve the quality of life of pSS patients.

Abstract Recent studies investigating protease-activated receptor type 2 (PAR-2) suggest an association between the receptor and periodontal inflammation. It is known that gingipain, a bacterial protease secreted by the important periodontopathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis can activate PAR-2. Previous studies by our group found that PAR-2 is overexpressed in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (MP). The present study aimed at evaluating whether PAR-2 expression is associated with chronic periodontitis severity. GCF samples and clinical parameters, including plaque and bleeding on probing indices, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level, were collected from the control group (n = 19) at baseline, and from MP patients (n = 19) and severe chronic periodontitis (SP) (n = 19) patients before and 6 weeks after periodontal non-surgical treatment. PAR-2 and gingipain messenger RNA (mRNA) in the GCF of 4 periodontal sites per patient were evaluated by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). PAR-2 and gingipain expressions were greater in periodontitis patients than in control group patients. In addition, the SP group presented increased PAR-2 and gingipain mRNA levels, compared with the MP group. Furthermore, periodontal treatment significantly reduced (p <0.05) PAR-2 expression in patients with periodontitis. In conclusion, PAR-2 is associated with chronic periodontitis severity and with gingipain levels in the periodontal pocket, thus suggesting that PAR-2 expression in the GCF reflects the severity of destruction during periodontal infection.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo é correlacionar os domínios da QV dos servidores com o tipo e a quantidade de condições crônicas de saúde. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado no Departamento de Assistência ao Servidor da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte com 215 servidores, durante o período de março a maio de 2011. RESULTADOS: Dentre as condições crônicas de saúde estudadas, constatou-se relação significativa entre a doença crônica não transmissível e escores de QV, correlacionando-se de modo fraco (r<-376; p<0,008) nos demais domínios. Verificou-se que, quanto maior o número de condições crônicas, menores são os valores da escala de QV. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade de vida dos servidores é influenciada negativamente pelas condições crônicas de saúde, comprometendo de forma geral suas atividades diárias de vida e trabalho.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to correlate the QOL domains of the civil servants to the type and number of chronic health conditions. METHOD: A transversal, quantitative study, conducted at the Department of Civil Servant Assistance of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with 215 civil servants, during the period from March to May 2011. RESULTS: Among the chronic health conditions studied, there was significant relationship between non-communicable chronic disease and QOL scores, correlating weakly (r <-376; p <0.008) in the other fields. It was found that the greater the number of chronic conditions, the lower the values on the QOL scale. CONCLUSION: The quality of life of civil servants is negatively influenced by chronic health conditions, compromising, in general, their daily work and life activities.

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio es correlacionar las áreas de la calidad de vida de los servidores al tipo y cantidad de problemas de salud crónicos. MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo transversal, realizado en el Departamento de asistencia a la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte Server con 215 servidores, en el período de marzo a mayo de 2011. RESULTADOS: Entre las condiciones crónicas de salud, se ha observado una relación significativa entre la enfermedad crónica intransferible y puntajes QOL y se correlacionó débilmente (r <-376; p <0,008) en otras área. Se encontró que cuanto mayor es el número de condiciones crónicas, la parte inferior de los valores de escala QOL. CONCLUSIÓN: La calidad de vida de los servidores está influenciada negativamente por las condiciones de salud crónicas, que afectan en las actividades cotidianas generales de la vida y el trabajo.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to correlate the QOL domains of the civil servants to the type and number of chronic health conditions. METHOD: A transversal, quantitative study, conducted at the Department of Civil Servant Assistance of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with 215 civil servants, during the period from March to May 2011. RESULTS: Among the chronic health conditions studied, there was significant relationship between non-communicable chronic disease and QOL scores, correlating weakly (r <-376; p <0.008) in the other fields. It was found that the greater the number of chronic conditions, the lower the values on the QOL scale. CONCLUSION: The quality of life of civil servants is negatively influenced by chronic health conditions, compromising, in general, their daily work and life activities.

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio es correlacionar las áreas de la calidad de vida de los servidores al tipo y cantidad de problemas de salud crónicos. MÉTODO: Estudio cuantitativo transversal, realizado en el Departamento de asistencia a la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande do Norte Server con 215 servidores, en el período de marzo a mayo de 2011. RESULTADOS: Entre las condiciones crónicas de salud, se ha observado una relación significativa entre la enfermedad crónica intransferible y puntajes QOL y se correlacionó débilmente (r <-376; p <0,008) en otras área. Se encontró que cuanto mayor es el número de condiciones crónicas, la parte inferior de los valores de escala QOL. CONCLUSIÓN: La calidad de vida de los servidores está influenciada negativamente por las condiciones de salud crónicas, que afectan en las actividades cotidianas generales de la vida y el trabajo.

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo é correlacionar os domínios da QV dos servidores com o tipo e a quantidade de condições crônicas de saúde. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal, quantitativo, realizado no Departamento de Assistência ao Servidor da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte com 215 servidores, durante o período de março a maio de 2011. RESULTADOS: Dentre as condições crônicas de saúde estudadas, constatou-se relação significativa entre a doença crônica não transmissível e escores de QV, correlacionando-se de modo fraco (r<-376; p<0,008) nos demais domínios. Verificou-se que, quanto maior o número de condições crônicas, menores são os valores da escala de QV. CONCLUSÃO: A qualidade de vida dos servidores é influenciada negativamente pelas condições crônicas de saúde, comprometendo de forma geral suas atividades diárias de vida e trabalho.

Os sujeitos envolvidos na educação mediada pelas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, sejam alunos, professores, tutores ou monitores, vivenciam situações críticas que afetam e tensionam os processos de aprendizagem, interferindo nas práticas educacionais. Este artigo identifica zonas de tensão nos espaços de educação a distância do Instituto VIAS-SC/Brasil. A pesquisa usa análise de conteúdo para investigar as percepções de profissionais sobre suas experiências no desenvolvimento de cursos a distância entre 2004 e 2005. Três zonas de tensão foram caracterizadas por situações que apresentam rebatimentos no desenvolvimento dos programas de educação a distância: a autonomia do aluno adulto, as posições de aprendente e ensinante e a aliança do aluno com o curso. A análise é fundamentada nos conceitos de movimentos molares e moleculares de Deleuze e Guattari (1996), permitindo reflexões sobre processos educacionais em educação a distância e a possibilidade de criação de novos espaços de produção de conhecimento pelos sujeitos.

The subjects involved in education, which is mediated by information and communication technologies - either being students, instructors, tutors, or teaching assistants - experience critical situations that affect and cause tension to the learning processes, thus interfering in educational practices. This article identifies tension zones that occur at ‘Instituto VIAS’, in Santa Catarina, Brazil, which is a distance-learning setting. Content analysis was used in order to investigate the perceptions of professionals, regarding their own experience when developing distance-learning programs, between 2004 and 2005. Three situations that impact the development of distance-learning programs were characterized as tension zones: the autonomy of adult students, the positions of learner- teacher, held by both, students and instructors, and the student's alliance with the program. The analysis uses Deleuze and Guattari' s concepts in relation to molar and molecular movements, thus allowing reflections upon educational processes in distance learning contexts, as well as, about the possibility that individuals can have of building up new spaces for knowledge production.

Los sujetos involucrados en la educación mediada por las tecnologías de información y comunicación, sean alumnos, profesores, tutores o monitores, vivencian situaciones críticas que afectan y tensan los procesos de aprendizaje, interfiriendo en las prácticas educacionales. Este artículo identifica zonas de tensión en los espacios de educación a distancia del Instituto VIAS-SC/Brasil. La pesquisa usa análisis de contenido para investigar las percepciones de profesionales sobre sus experiencias en el desarrollo de cursos a distancia entre 2004 y 2005. Tres zonas de tensión fueron caracterizadas por situaciones que presentan rebatimientos en el desenvolvimiento de los programas de educación a distancia: la autonomía del alumno adulto, las posiciones de aprendiente y enseñante y la alianza del alumno con el curso. El análisis es fundamentado en los conceptos de movimientos molares y moleculares de Deleuze y Guattari, permitiendo reflexiones sobre procesos educacionales en educación a distancia y la posibilidad de creación de nuevos espacios de producción de conocimiento por los sujetos.

O objetivo deste ensaio clínico aleatório duplo-cego foi verificar a eficácia de um dentifrício fitoterápico na redução de placa e gengivite. Quarenta e oito voluntários com gengivite estabelecida foram aleatoriamente alocados aos grupos teste (dentifrício fitoterápico) e controle positivo (dentifrício com triclosan e flúor). Os dentifrícios foram distribuídos em tubos brancos por uma farmácia independente, que revelou o conteúdo de cada tubo apenas após o final do período experimental. A aferição de placa e gengivite foi conduzida por um único examinador, previamente calibrado, no início e após 28 dias de uso do produto. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram orientados a escovar os dentes com o dentifrício de seu grupo três vezes ao dia, por 28 dias. Houve redução significativa na quantidade de placa nos grupos teste e controle. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. Os dois grupos experimentais apresentaram redução significativa nos níveis de gengivite, porém não houve diferença significativa entre eles. Não foram observadas reações adversas. Os autores concluíram que os dois dentifrícios foram eficazes na redução de placa e gengivite em indivíduos com gengivite estabelecida.

The aim of this randomised, double blind controlled trial was to verify the efficacy of a herbal dentifrice on the reduction of plaque and gingivitis. Forty eight volunteers with established gingivitis were randomly assigned to either a test group (herbal dentifrice) or positive control group (dentifrice with triclosan and fluoride). The dentifrices were distributed in plain white tubes by an independent pharmacy, which revealed the contents of each tube only after the experimental period. Plaque and gingivitis assessments were carried out on baseline and after 28 days of product use. All examinations were conducted by the same calibrated investigator. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth three times daily using their assigned dentifrice for 28 days. There was a significant reduction in plaque levels in both the test and control groups. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. A significant reduction in gingivitis was observed in both groups, although there was no significant difference between them. No adverse reactions were reported. The authors concluded that both dentifrices were effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis in subjects with established gingivitis.

A proposta deste trabalho foi identificar a presença de microrganismos superinfectantes (bastonetes entéricos Gram-negativos e Candida sp.) em pacientes transplantados cardíacos e correlacioná-la com a presença de crescimento gengival. Foram examinados 30 pacientes (10 mulheres e 20 homens - média de idade: 45 anos). Todos os pacientes estavam sob terapia com ciclosporina-A (CsA) sem terem sido submetidos a antibioticoterapia e nem a tratamento periodontal prévio, por pelo menos três meses antes do início do estudo. O paciente deveria ter, no mínimo, seis dentes. Foram registrados os índices de placa bacteriana (IP), índice gengival (IG), valores de profundidade clínica de sondagem (PCS) e nível clínico de inserção (NCI). Análise microbiológica foi realizada a partir de amostras coletadas de sulco/bolsa gengival (s/b) e da saliva estimulada (se). Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: com crescimento gengival (CCG) e sem crescimento gengival (SCG). Após análise estatística (teste do qui-quadrado; teste t de Student; prova exata de Fisher; p < 0,05), concluiu-se que não houve diferença entre os dois grupos de pacientes com relação a sexo dos pacientes, dosagem de CsA, tempo decorrido após o transplante, IP, IG, PCS e NCI. O exame microbiológico das amostras coletadas mostrou a ausência de bastonetes entéricos Gram-negativos. Foi possível a detecção de Candida sp. (s/b-30% e se-30%). Na amostra de saliva estimulada a presença desse microrganismo estava associada aos pacientes SCG.

The aim of this study was to identify the presence of superinfecting microorganisms (Gram-negative enteric rods and Candida sp.) in heart transplant patients and correlate this with gingival overgrowth. Thirty patients (10 females, 20 males - mean age 45 years) were examined. All were under cyclosporin-A (CsA) therapy. Patients who had taken any antibiotics 3 months prior the study or had been submitted to periodontal therapy were not enrolled. Patients were required to have at least 6 teeth. The plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. Microbiological samples were taken from sulcus/pocket (s/p) and from stimulated saliva (ss) and submitted to analysis. Patients were divided into two groups: the ones with gingival overgrowth (GO) and those without gingival overgrowth (WGO). After statistical analysis (chi-square test, Student's t-test, Fisher test, p < 0.05), we concluded that there was no statistical difference between groups in the parameters of gender, CsA dosage, time since transplantation, PI, GI, PD and CAL. Gram-negative rods from either the sulcus/pocket or saliva samples were not found. Candida sp. was detected (s/p - 30% and ss - 30%). Stimulated saliva samples analysis determined that the presence of Candida sp. was associated with patients without gingival overgrowth.